Centos 非ROOT 源码安装mysql 5.6.26-Bluesky's blog

1.下载mysql

http://www.mysql.com/downloads/ -> MySQL Community Edition (GPL) -> MySQL Community Server (GPL) -> Select Platform选择source code -> Generic Linux (Architecture Independent), Compressed TAR Archive -> Download -> Generic Linux (Architecture Independent), Compressed TAR Archive

也可以参考以下两个链接下载MySQL 5.6.26

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/getting-mysql.html

http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mirrors.html

2. 安装编译工具和依赖包（根据自身系统安装情况酌情添加）

安装g++和gdb

yum install gcc-c++

yum install gdb

安装cmake

yum install cmake

安装ncurses

yum install ncurses-devel

安装bison

yum install bison bison-devel

安装libz-devel

yum install zlib-devel (不安装此包会导致DBD::mysql perl模块 make时出错：”make: *** [blib/arch/auto/DBD/mysql/mysql.so] 错误 1″,最终用perl连接数据库时出错：“/usr/bin/perl: symbol lookup error: /share/workdir/yangl/perl_lib/lib64/perl5/auto/DBD/mysql/mysql.so: undefined symbol: mysql_init”)

如果接下来的编还报错，需根据报错信息添加相应的包（这部分内容是通过ROOT安装的，非ROOT用户可以自行研究怎么安装，一般大型公用系统应该都已经装好了这些工具和包）

编译依赖的工具说明请参考

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/source-installation.html

3. 解压下载的tar包

tar -xvf mysql-5.6.26.tar #在这里我解后把文件夹移到了 /share/workdir/yangl／soft/mysql-5.6.26  (注意我的Home目录是/share/workdir/yangl)

4 安装

4.1 源码编译（mysql5.5以后是通过cmake来编译的）

cd /share/workdir/yangl/soft

mkdir mysql #mysql为最终的安装目录

cd /share/workdir/yangl/soft/mysql-5.6.26 #进入源码目录准备编译

cmake \

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/share/workdir/yangl/soft/mysql/ \ #安装目录

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/share/workdir/yangl/soft/mysql/data/ \ #数据库存放目录

-DSYSCONFDIR=/share/workdir/yangl/soft/mysql \ #默认配置文件my.cnf所在目录，如果不通过

--defaults-file=<path to .cnf file>指定配置文件，用mysql_install_db安装配置mysql默认数据库时会自动选用此目录下的my.cnf配置文件

-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_READLINE=1 \ #MySQL 5.6.5后移除此配置项，我安装时用了此项（当时是套用的别人的配置参数）

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/share/workdir/yangl/soft/mysql/mysql.sock \ ＃用来连接数据库的Unix socket 文件的路径

-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ #TCP/IP段口号

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ #允许从本地导入数据

-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ #安装所有扩展字符集

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ #使用utf8字符

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci #校验字符

编译的参数请参考 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/source-configuration-options.html

make

make install

cp support-files/my-default.cnf ../mysql

mv my-default.cnf my.cnf ＃此my.cnf为mysql_install_db安装配置数据库时默认调用的配置文件，注：在启动MySQL服务时，会按照一定次序搜索my.cnf，先在-DSYSCONFDIR指定的目录（默认是/etc我们改成了/share/workdir/yangl/soft/mysql）下找，找不到则会搜索”$basedir/my.cnf”，在本例中就是 /share/workdir/yangl/soft/mysql/my.cnf，”$basedir/my.cnf”是新版MySQL的配置文件的默认位置！

由于我的mysql是用于orthomcl, 所以根据orthomcl要求修改了一些配置项，修改后的my.cnf文件：

修改后的my.cnf文件内容：

4.2 安装mysql所需的内置数据库

cd /share/workdir/yangl/soft/mysql #进入mysql安装目录

./scripts/mysql_install_db –user=yangl (这个用户名yangl可以是任意名字)

4.3 手动启动mysql

./bin/mysqld_safe --log-error=/share/workdir/yangl/soft/mysql/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/share/workdir/yangl/soft/mysql/mysqld.pid --user=yangl&

//启动MySQL，但不能停止

关闭MySQL服务

mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown　　//这里MySQL的root用户还没有配置密码，所以为空值。需要输入密码时，直接点回车键即可。

4.4 另一种简单的启动mysql的方法(mysql已经被添加到系统服务中) –针对有ROOT权限的情况，无ROOT权限只能用上述方法

[root@ rhel5~]# service mysql.server start  
[root@ rhel5~]# service mysql.server stop
[root@ rhel5~]# service mysql.server restart

如果上述命令出现：mysql.server 未识别的服务

则可能mysql还没添加到系统服务中，下面用另一种方法添加：

[root@ rhel5 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysql　//将mysql的启动服务添加到系统服务中

注意：主要是将mysql.server拷贝到/etc/init.d中，命名为mysql。在有的系统中，mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server中，而本系统中，mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server中。

然后再用#service mysql start 来启动mysql即可。

参考资料：

http://www.cnblogs.com/fly1988happy/archive/2011/11/21/2257682.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/codingthings/p/4693506.html

http://tieba.baidu.com/p/2566294666

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6c663fa50100qur9.html

smartportal 自定义调用mysql (可以学习):

[yangl@localhost bin]$ rpm -qa|grep mysql

mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 #说明centos默认安装的是mysql client,没装mysql server

[root@localhost init.d]# find / -name mysql

/var/lib/mysql
/usr/bin/mysql
/usr/share/mysql
/usr/lib64/perl5/auto/DBD/mysql
/usr/lib64/perl5/DBD/mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql
/share/soft/smrtanalysis/userdata/log/log/mysql
/share/soft/smrtanalysis/userdata/log/mysql
/share/soft/smrtanalysis/userdata/database/mysql
/share/soft/smrtanalysis/userdata/database/mysql/data/mysql
/share/soft/smrtanalysis/userdata/database/mysql/config/etc/mysql
/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/redist/mysql-5.1.73/bin/mysql
/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/redist/mysql-5.1.73/share/mysql
/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/redist/mysql-5.1.73/include/mysql
/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/redist/mysql-5.1.73/lib/mysql
/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/redist/mysql
/share/soft/ncbi-rmblastn-2.2.28-src/c++/GCC447-ReleaseMT64/build/dbapi/driver/mysql
/share/soft/ncbi-rmblastn-2.2.28-src/c++/src/dbapi/driver/mysql

/bin/sh /share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/redist/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe –defaults-file=/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/common/userdata/database/current/config/etc/mysql/my.cnf –basedir=/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/redist/mysql –datadir=/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/common/userdata/database/current/data

/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/redist/mysql/libexec/mysqld –defaults-file=/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/common/userdata/database/current/config/etc/mysql/my.cnf –basedir=/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/redist/mysql –datadir=/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/common/userdata/database/current/data –log-error=/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/common/userdata/log/mysql/error.log –pid-file=/share/soft/smrtanalysis/install/smrtanalysis_2.3.0.140936/common/userdata/runtime/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid –socket=/tmp/mysql_53306.sock –port=53306